- All
- Brain Tumor Care
- Disc Replacement vs Fusion: Which Is Right for You?
- Exercises to Avoid with Tarlov Cysts
- Facial Pain and Spasm Center
- FAQ Manalapan
- FAQ Morristown
- FAQ New Brunswick
- FAQ Summit
- FAQ Toms River
- GammaTile Brachytherapy
- How long does a C6-C7 herniated disc take to heal?
- How to Treat Coccydynia
- Neurovascular Care
- Occipital Neuralgia vs Trigeminal Neuralgia: How to Tell the Difference
- Skull Base Surgery Center
- Spine Center
- Spine Surgery
- What Causes Sciatic Nerve Pain?
- What Is Coccydynia? Causes, Symptoms & How It Is Diagnosed
- What Not to Do with Cervical Radiculopathy
Contact our multidisciplinary tumor board at 973.993.7100 for case review and coordinate scheduling with neurosurgery and radiation oncology.
The collagen carrier dissolves naturally within 6–8 weeks, leaving no permanent implants.
Radiation oncologists define target volumes, calculate isotope loading, and validate dosimetry preoperatively, ensuring therapeutic precision.
Yes. GammaTile’s focused delivery allows safe re-irradiation in recurrent cases, avoiding cumulative toxicity to critical structures.
GammaTile delivers radiation immediately post-resection, bypassing the 4–6 week delay typical of EBRT. Its conformal design minimizes off-target effects.
Recurrent glioblastoma, meningiomas (WHO grade 1–3), and brain metastases. Ideal for tumors in eloquent areas where repeat EBRT is contraindicated.
No. The vast majority of sciatica cases resolve within weeks to months with appropriate treatment. Chronic cases lasting more than 12 weeks may require advanced intervention, but permanent sciatica is rare.
Yes. Many mild cases improve within 4–6 weeks with rest, gentle movement, and over-the-counter anti-inflammatory medication. However, persistent or worsening symptoms should always be evaluated by a specialist.
For immediate relief, alternating ice and heat therapy, taking NSAIDs like ibuprofen, and performing gentle stretches such as the piriformis stretch can help reduce acute symptoms. If pain is severe, a spine specialist may recommend an epidural steroid injection.
No. The majority of patients recover fully without surgery. Surgical options such as microdiscectomy are typically reserved for cases involving progressive weakness, loss of function, or pain that has not responded to 6–12 weeks of conservative treatment.
Prolonged sitting increases pressure on the lumbar discs and can contribute to disc herniation over time. Taking regular standing breaks and maintaining proper lumbar support are important preventive measures.
Lean slightly forward to shift body weight onto your thighs and off the tailbone. Use a coccyx cut-out cushion on every seated surface. Avoid sitting on hard, narrow, or sloped chairs. Take standing or walking breaks every 30 minutes.
Coccydynia can make pregnancy more uncomfortable, particularly during the third trimester when pelvic pressure increases. It does not typically affect the health of the pregnancy itself. A coccyx cushion, pelvic floor physiotherapy, and positioning adjustments can help manage symptoms throughout pregnancy.
Yes, with modifications. Low-impact activities such as walking, swimming, and gentle stretching are generally safe and encouraged. Avoid exercises that place direct pressure on the tailbone, such as cycling on a hard saddle, rowing, or floor-based ab work. Your physiotherapist can design a safe exercise plan tailored to your recovery stage.
No. The vast majority of coccydynia cases resolve fully with appropriate treatment. Even chronic cases that require injections or surgery have high success rates. Permanent coccydynia is very rare when proper specialist care is provided.
Yes, with the right support. A coccyx cut-out cushion (wedge or donut style) removes direct pressure from the tailbone and makes sitting significantly more comfortable. Leaning slightly forward when seated and taking regular standing breaks also help manage symptoms.
Yes, with the right support. A coccyx cut-out cushion (wedge or donut style) removes direct pressure from the tailbone and makes sitting significantly more comfortable. Leaning slightly forward when seated and taking regular standing breaks also help manage symptoms.
Not always. A broken (fractured) tailbone is one possible cause of coccydynia, but coccydynia can also result from bruising, ligament strain, muscle tension, hypermobility, or no identifiable injury at all. Coccydynia is the clinical term for tailbone pain regardless of the specific underlying cause.
Acute coccydynia typically resolves within 4 to 12 weeks with appropriate care. Chronic cases that have persisted for months before treatment may take 6 to 12 months to fully resolve. Starting treatment early is one of the most important factors in recovery time.
Mild cases of coccydynia, particularly those caused by minor trauma, may improve on their own over several weeks. However, most cases benefit from targeted treatment such as cushioning, pain management, and physiotherapy. Without intervention, symptoms can persist and become chronic.
In the vast majority of cases, coccydynia is not a serious medical condition. It is painful and can significantly affect daily life, but it is almost always treatable. However, red flag symptoms such as unexplained weight loss, fever, or bowel and bladder changes should be evaluated promptly to rule out rare underlying causes.
Disc replacement patients generally do not require a brace. Fusion patients may wear a cervical collar for several weeks to support healing while the bone graft matures.
While uncommon, artificial disc devices can experience wear, migration, or heterotopic ossification (bone growth around the device) over time. Regular follow-up with your surgeon monitors for these possibilities.
Most patients return to light activities within 2 to 4 weeks and resume normal activities by 6 weeks. Fusion recovery is typically longer, with 6 to 12 weeks before returning to full activity.
Neither is universally better. Disc replacement preserves motion and may reduce future adjacent-level problems. Fusion has a longer track record and is appropriate for a wider range of patients. The best choice depends on your specific anatomy and condition.
Sleep on your back or side with a cervical support pillow that maintains the natural curve of your neck. Avoid sleeping on your stomach. Some patients find relief with a small rolled towel placed inside their pillowcase for additional neck support.
A herniated disc at C6-C7 can be serious if it causes progressive weakness, significant numbness, or loss of hand function. Most cases respond well to conservative treatment, but any worsening neurological symptoms warrant prompt evaluation.
Yes. The majority of cervical disc herniations resolve with conservative care. Studies show that herniated disc material can shrink over time through a natural resorption process. Surgery is reserved for cases with persistent symptoms or progressive nerve damage.
Most patients experience significant improvement within 6 to 12 weeks with conservative treatment. Complete resolution may take 3 to 6 months. Herniations that do not improve or that cause progressive neurological deficits may require surgical intervention.
No. TMJ involves the jaw joint and produces dull, aching pain that worsens with chewing. Trigeminal neuralgia is a nerve condition that produces sudden, electric-shock pain triggered by light touch. They require different treatment approaches.
First-line treatment is medication (typically carbamazepine). When medication is insufficient, options include CyberKnife radiosurgery, percutaneous procedures, and microvascular decompression surgery.
Diagnosis is based on clinical history, physical examination (including tenderness at the occipital nerve sites), and response to diagnostic occipital nerve blocks. MRI of the cervical spine may be ordered to identify structural causes.
While uncommon, it is possible to have both conditions simultaneously. Each involves a different nerve, so both can be independently compressed or irritated. A thorough neurological evaluation can determine which nerves are involved.
Most tarlov cysts do not require surgery. Surgical intervention is considered when cysts are large, progressively symptomatic, or causing neurological deficits that do not respond to conservative management.
Yes. Walking is one of the best exercises for patients with tarlov cysts. It provides cardiovascular benefit without the high-impact forces or spinal pressure that can aggravate symptoms.
Yes. Tarlov cysts in the sacral region can compress the nerve roots that control bladder and bowel function. If you experience urinary urgency, incontinence, or retention, seek evaluation promptly.
Tarlov cysts rarely resolve on their own. Many remain stable and asymptomatic. Symptomatic cysts are managed with activity modification, pain management, and in select cases, surgical intervention.
Sleep on your back or side with a cervical support pillow that maintains the natural curve of your neck. Avoid sleeping on your stomach, which forces the neck into extreme rotation.
If symptoms persist beyond 6 to 12 weeks of conservative treatment, or if you develop progressive weakness, numbness, or difficulty with fine motor tasks, a surgical consultation is recommended.
Low-impact exercise such as walking, swimming, and gentle stretching is generally safe and encouraged. Avoid high-impact activities, heavy overhead lifting, and aggressive neck movements until cleared by your doctor.
Yes. Most cases improve within 6 to 12 weeks with conservative care including rest, physical therapy, and anti-inflammatory medication. However, persistent or worsening symptoms should be evaluated by a spine specialist.
Yes. Atlantic Brain and Spine physicians regularly provide second opinion consultations for complex neurological and spinal conditions, helping patients understand their diagnosis and treatment options.
Patients in Morristown have access to comprehensive spine care including robotic spine surgery, minimally invasive spine surgery (MISS), complex spine reconstruction, and motion-preserving procedures such as artificial disc replacement.
The Morristown team treats a wide range of neurological and spinal conditions, including brain tumors, spinal disorders, brain aneurysms, stroke, vascular malformations, spinal stenosis, herniated discs, and complex spinal deformities.
Yes. The 60 Columbia Road, Building A office in Morristown is Atlantic Brain and Spine’s flagship clinical location and the city where the practice was founded. The corporate headquarters is also located in Morristown at 10 Madison Avenue, Suite 202. No other Atlantic Brain and Spine location carries the same depth of history, clinical relationships, and institutional investment as the Morristown office.
Yes. New Brunswick and Middlesex County are among New Jersey’s most culturally and linguistically diverse communities. Atlantic Brain and Spine is committed to delivering expert, respectful, and accessible care to every patient. We encourage patients of all backgrounds to contact our office; our scheduling and clinical teams are experienced in working with patients from diverse communities across central New Jersey.
Absolutely. Second opinion consultations are available for all brain tumor types at our New Brunswick location. Our neurosurgical brain tumor specialists will review your MRI or CT imaging, pathology reports, and any prior treatment summaries, and provide a candid, thorough assessment of your diagnosis and the treatment options available to you. In a decision of this magnitude, a second expert perspective is always worthwhile and we welcome the opportunity to help patients move forward with the greatest possible confidence.
Yes. Our complex spine surgery team evaluates patients who have undergone prior spine surgery elsewhere and did not achieve satisfactory results — a situation sometimes referred to as failed back surgery syndrome or post-operative radiculopathy. We review your surgical history, prior imaging, and current symptoms to determine whether additional intervention is appropriate and what the most effective approach would be. Many patients who had been told little more could be done find that our evaluation opens new options they were not previously aware of.
Atlantic Brain and Spine holds active surgical affiliations at both RWJ University Hospital and St. Peter’s University Hospital in New Brunswick. This dual affiliation is a meaningful advantage for Middlesex County patients, it means that your outpatient consultation and your surgical care can both be managed by the same Atlantic Brain and Spine physician team, at whichever of the two hospitals is most appropriate given your condition, insurance, and personal preference. Our scheduling team will help coordinate the details.
Atlantic Brain and Spine’s New Brunswick location at 254 Easton Avenue is conveniently accessible to patients throughout Middlesex County and surrounding communities, including Edison, Piscataway, East Brunswick, South Brunswick, North Brunswick, Highland Park, Franklin Township, Metuchen, Perth Amboy, Woodbridge, Bound Brook, South Plainfield, Sayreville, and Dunellen. Patients from Somerset County, including Somerville, Bridgewater, and Manville, also regularly choose our New Brunswick office for its convenient central NJ location.
Atlantic Brain and Spine works with a broad range of insurance providers across all of our New Jersey locations. We encourage you to contact our billing and insurance support team to confirm your specific coverage. You can also visit atlanticbrainandspine.org/insurance/ for detailed guidance. Our team is committed to making your care as accessible and straightforward as possible.
Yes. Atlantic Brain and Spine actively welcomes second opinion consultations for brain tumor patients at our Summit location. If you have received a diagnosis or treatment recommendation elsewhere and want an independent expert assessment, our team will thoroughly review your imaging, pathology, and medical history, and provide a clear, honest evaluation of your condition and your options. Many patients find that a second opinion brings either greater confidence in their existing plan, or valuable new information that changes their path forward.
Our spine specialists in Summit evaluate and treat the full range of cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spinal conditions, including disc herniation, spinal stenosis, degenerative disc disease, spondylolisthesis, adult scoliosis, spinal fractures, radiculopathy (nerve pain), myelopathy (spinal cord compression), neck pain, and back pain. We also offer complex revision spine surgery consultations for patients who have had prior surgery without satisfactory results.
Our Summit location is accessible to patients from across Union and Morris counties, including Millburn, Short Hills, Chatham, New Providence, Berkeley Heights, Westfield, Scotch Plains, Springfield, Madison, Florham Park, Hanover Township, and Montville. Summit’s convenient location on the NJ Transit Morris & Essex commuter rail line also makes our office easily accessible by train for patients across northern New Jersey.
Absolutely. Atlantic Brain and Spine actively welcomes second opinion consultations. If you have received a diagnosis or surgical recommendation elsewhere and want an independent expert assessment, our team will provide a thorough, honest review of your case, including your imaging, medical records, and current treatment plan. We believe that informed patients make better decisions, and a second opinion is always a reasonable step.
When you contact our office, our scheduling team will work to match you with the most appropriate specialist based on your specific condition, symptoms, and imaging. If you are unsure, calling our main line at 973.993.7100 is always the right first step, we will guide you from there.
Yes. Our Toms River office provides brain tumor consultations, second opinion evaluations, and care coordination for patients throughout Ocean County. If you or a loved one has received a brain tumor diagnosis, our team will review your imaging and pathology, explain your options clearly, and outline a personalized treatment plan. Surgical procedures are performed at our affiliated hospital facilities.
Our spine specialists evaluate and treat a comprehensive range of conditions, including cervical and lumbar disc herniation, spinal stenosis, degenerative disc disease, spondylolisthesis, scoliosis, spinal fractures, back pain, neck pain, sciatica, myelopathy, and radiculopathy. For patients who have already undergone prior spine surgery without satisfactory results, we also offer complex revision spine surgery consultations.
Our Toms River location is conveniently accessible to patients throughout Ocean County and the surrounding region, including Brick Township, Lakewood, Barnegat, Lacey Township, Manchester Township, Jackson Township, Point Pleasant, Beachwood, South Toms River, Berkeley Township, Little Egg Harbor, and Seaside Heights. We also see patients from neighboring Monmouth County communities who prefer the Route 37 location.
Atlantic Brain and Spine works with a wide range of insurance providers. We encourage you to contact our billing and insurance support team for detailed information about your specific plan and coverage. You can also visit atlanticbrainandspine.org/insurance for guidance.
Atlantic Brain and Spine’s team of neurosurgeons and spine surgeons rotates through our Manalapan location. When you request an appointment, our scheduling team will match you with the most appropriate specialist for your specific condition and needs.
Our Manalapan office provides consultation and care coordination for the full range of conditions treated by Atlantic Brain and Spine, including herniated discs, spinal stenosis, degenerative disc disease, scoliosis, back and neck pain, brain tumors, skull base tumors, brain aneurysms, stroke, and other complex neurological conditions. Surgical procedures are performed at our affiliated hospital facilities.
While many patients come to us through a referral from their primary care physician or another specialist, a formal referral is not always required. We recommend checking with your insurance provider regarding referral requirements under your specific plan. You are always welcome to contact our office directly to inquire about scheduling a consultation.
Right after spine surgery, you’ll wake up in the recovery area where nurses monitor your breathing, heart rate, and comfort. Mild soreness or stiffness is normal. Depending on your procedure, you may be encouraged to stand and walk within hours. Pain control, movement safety, and incision care are reviewed before discharge.
ABS emphasizes early mobility and detailed recovery instructions to promote faster healing and confidence at home.
In most minimally invasive cases, patients stand and walk the same day. Walking helps prevent blood clots and promotes circulation for faster healing. Larger or more complex fusions may require one to two days of rest before ambulation.
Your ABS care team provides a personalized walking schedule to safely rebuild strength and mobility.
In some cases, titanium screws, rods, or cages are placed to stabilize the spine while bone fusion occurs. These implants are designed to stay permanently but rarely cause discomfort. They are MRI-compatible and generally undetectable under the skin.
ABS uses advanced robotic guidance to ensure precise placement and long-term stability.
It’s unlikely. Most spinal implants are made from titanium or composite materials that don’t trigger metal detectors. However, some scanners may register them, so carrying a medical card or noting it on travel forms can help if needed.
ABS patients typically travel without any issues after recovery.
Driving is generally safe once you are off narcotic pain medications and can turn your head or body comfortably to check blind spots. For minimally invasive procedures, most patients resume driving in one to two weeks; larger fusions may take four to six weeks.
Your surgeon will confirm readiness during follow-up to ensure safety and comfort.
You should contact your care team if you experience increasing leg weakness, loss of sensation, fever, wound drainage, new severe pain, or loss of bladder/bowel control. These may indicate infection or nerve irritation and should be evaluated promptly.
ABS provides post-op instructions and direct contact numbers for urgent concerns.
Physical therapy is crucial to rebuilding strength, restoring flexibility, and retraining posture. It begins with gentle movements, then progresses to core strengthening and stability exercises. PT also helps prevent scar tissue stiffness and speeds functional recovery.
ABS coordinates post-op rehab plans closely with physical therapists to maximize long-term results.
Spine surgery relieves pain caused by nerve compression or instability, but it may not eliminate all discomfort, especially if chronic pain pathways have developed. Ongoing exercise, therapy, and lifestyle changes often help maintain long-term relief.
ABS focuses on precise diagnosis and targeted surgery to achieve maximum improvement.
Follow-up care includes regular office visits and imaging to confirm healing and hardware stability. Sutures are checked at two weeks, and fusion progress is reviewed at three, six, and twelve months. Patients also receive exercise plans and ergonomic education.
ABS offers structured post-op tracking to ensure optimal recovery and long-term results.
Most patients experience significant pain reduction, improved mobility, and return to normal activity levels. Success rates for minimally invasive and robotic spine procedures exceed 90% when properly indicated.
ABS tracks long-term outcomes and uses data-driven approaches to refine techniques and improve patient satisfaction.
Spinal fusion permanently connects two or more vertebrae to eliminate motion between them. It’s often recommended for instability, deformity, severe degeneration, or after decompression when structural support is needed. Modern fusion uses titanium screws and bone grafts to encourage healing and create a solid, stable spine.
At ABS, fusion is performed with minimally invasive or robotic techniques to reduce muscle damage, speed recovery, and improve accuracy.
Spondylolisthesis occurs when one vertebra slips over another, often causing back pain, nerve compression, or leg weakness. Mild cases may be managed with therapy and medication, while moderate to severe cases may require fusion or decompression to stabilize the spine.
ABS surgeons use advanced navigation and robotic systems to restore spinal alignment while protecting nerves.
Minimally invasive lumbar fusion (MIS TLIF or LLIF) stabilizes the spine through small incisions using tubular retractors and image guidance. Benefits include less muscle trauma, shorter hospital stays, and faster recovery.
At ABS, robotic and navigated systems optimize screw placement and fusion accuracy while reducing blood loss and infection risk.
A pediatric pars fracture (spondylolysis) is a stress fracture in the small bones that connect the upper and lower segments of a vertebra, usually caused by repetitive athletic activity. Symptoms include localized back pain that worsens with extension or sports.
ABS performs **minimally invasive robotic pars repair surgery**, allowing athletes to return to play faster without fusion or large incisions.
Scoliosis is an abnormal curvature of the spine that can cause uneven shoulders, rib prominence, or pain. Mild curves are monitored or treated with therapy or bracing, while severe or progressive curves may require surgical correction to prevent deformity or lung restriction.
ABS evaluates spinal X-rays, flexibility, and growth factors to determine the right timing and method of treatment.
Most patients stay in the hospital one to three days and begin light activity within a few weeks. Complete bone fusion typically takes six to twelve months. Recovery timelines vary by procedure type, age, and overall health.
ABS emphasizes early mobility, guided physical therapy, and minimally invasive approaches to shorten recovery time.
Yes. Selected adult and adolescent patients with moderate scoliosis may benefit from minimally invasive correction, using smaller incisions and muscle-sparing techniques to insert rods and screws. These procedures reduce blood loss and speed recovery.
ABS surgeons use navigation and robotic guidance to perform deformity correction with precision.
Risks include infection, hardware complications, adjacent-segment degeneration, or non-union of the fused bone. However, most patients achieve durable pain relief and restored stability when surgery is done for the right indication.
ABS’s use of robotic navigation and minimally invasive approaches lowers complication rates and improves long-term function.
Revision spine surgery is performed to correct persistent pain, hardware failure, or adjacent-level degeneration after a prior operation. It requires detailed imaging review and precise planning.
ABS specializes in complex revision cases using navigation and robotics to safely correct alignment, decompress nerves, and restore stability.
ABS emphasizes precise diagnosis, advanced imaging, and multidisciplinary review to ensure surgery is truly needed. Many patients benefit from conservative management or targeted minimally invasive procedures instead of fusion.
By focusing on accurate cause identification and patient-specific goals, ABS prevents overtreatment and promotes long-term spine health.
Muscle pain is often dull, sore, and worsens with specific movements or touch. Nerve-related pain, such as sciatica or radiculopathy, usually feels sharp, electric, or radiates down the arm or leg. Tingling, numbness, or weakness also suggest nerve involvement.
At ABS, spine specialists use MRI, nerve studies, and physical exams to pinpoint the true cause of pain and tailor treatment accordingly.
Yes. Physical therapy strengthens muscles that support the spine, improves posture, and restores flexibility. It can also retrain body mechanics to prevent future flare-ups. Many ABS patients avoid surgery entirely after consistent PT guided by a spine specialist.
Customized programs focus on core stabilization, stretching, and gradual reconditioning.
Signs that surgery may be necessary include persistent pain despite conservative care, progressive weakness or numbness, or loss of bladder/bowel control. Imaging showing severe nerve compression or spinal instability may also warrant surgery.
ABS surgeons exhaust all non-surgical options first, performing surgery only when necessary for function or safety.
Maintaining a strong core, good posture, and regular exercise helps prevent age-related spine issues. Avoid prolonged sitting, manage weight, and quit smoking to protect bone and disc health. Ergonomic work setups and stretching can reduce stress on the back.
ABS specialists provide preventive spine health guidance tailored to individual risk factors.
Sciatica is a symptom — pain radiating along the sciatic nerve from the lower back down the leg. A herniated disc is a common cause of sciatica, where disc material compresses the nerve root. Not all herniated discs cause sciatica, and not all sciatica is from a disc.
ABS specialists identify the source with MRI and tailor treatment to relieve pressure and inflammation.
Yes. Poor posture strains muscles, ligaments, and spinal discs, leading to chronic pain and early degeneration. Good posture keeps the spine aligned and distributes weight evenly.
ABS providers often combine ergonomic assessments with physical therapy to correct posture-related pain.
If pain persists beyond 6–12 weeks of non-surgical care, or if neurological symptoms worsen, surgical evaluation may be appropriate. Waiting too long can risk permanent nerve damage in some cases.
ABS surgeons ensure that timing balances adequate conservative care with timely relief to prevent long-term complications.
Myths include that spine surgery always causes paralysis, requires long recovery, or never works. In reality, modern minimally invasive and robotic techniques have over 90% success rates and shorter recovery times.
ABS uses data-driven techniques that restore mobility and reduce pain safely and effectively.
Nicotine restricts blood flow and interferes with bone healing, increasing the risk of non-union after spinal fusion and delayed recovery after surgery. It also reduces the effectiveness of conservative care by impairing tissue repair.
ABS strongly advises smoking cessation before and after spine procedures to improve outcomes.
Look for board certification, subspecialty training, and experience with minimally invasive and robotic techniques. A good surgeon explains options clearly, tailors recommendations to your goals, and prioritizes conservative care when possible.
Atlantic Brain and Spine surgeons are fellowship-trained leaders in robotic, minimally invasive, and motion-preserving spine surgery.
A skull base encephalocele occurs when brain tissue and its coverings herniate through a defect in the skull base, often causing clear nasal drainage, headaches that worsen when upright, or recurrent infections. Treatment typically involves endoscopic endonasal repair with a multilayer graft to re-establish a watertight seal.
ABS surgeons repair these defects using image guidance and tissue grafts to prevent cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks and infections.
Tumors originating in the orbit or paranasal sinuses that extend to the skull base are often removed using an endoscopic endonasal approach (EES) or keyhole open routes, chosen based on tumor size, location, and nerve involvement. Reconstruction prevents CSF leak after removal.
ABS’s skull base team combines ENT and neurosurgical expertise to maximize tumor control while preserving vision and cranial nerve function.
Venous sinus reconstruction restores normal blood flow in narrowed or invaded dural venous sinuses during complex skull base tumor surgery. Techniques may include partial tumor debulking with patch reconstruction or stenting in select cases to maintain venous drainage and reduce intracranial pressure.
ABS evaluates each case with advanced imaging and a multidisciplinary team to choose the safest strategy.
Intraoperative neuronavigation fuses preoperative MRI/CT with real-time anatomy, acting like GPS for the surgeon. It pinpoints tumor borders, critical arteries, and cranial nerves—essential when treating rare lesions with distorted anatomy.
ABS integrates navigation with robotic microscopes to enhance precision and reduce complications.
Yes. Prior radiation can stiffen tissues, alter blood supply, and increase the risk of wound or CSF-healing problems. Surgeons plan alternative corridors, meticulous reconstruction, and adjuncts like vascularized flaps to reduce risk.
ABS’s experience with reoperative skull base surgery helps manage scarred planes and protect nerves and vessels.
Key advances include robotic microscopy, 4K endoscopy, augmented-reality navigation, and intraoperative fluorescence that highlights tumor and critical blood flow. These tools enable more complete removal with fewer complications.
ABS continuously adopts proven innovations to improve precision and patient recovery.
Rehabilitation is tailored to deficits. Vestibular therapy addresses dizziness and imbalance, vision therapy helps ocular alignment issues, and facial nerve rehab supports symmetry and movement. Endocrine evaluation follows pituitary-region cases.
ABS coordinates rehab early to accelerate functional recovery and quality of life.
Most patients report strong quality-of-life outcomes when tumors are controlled and nerves preserved. Temporary changes—like smell alteration, dry eye, or mild numbness—often improve over months. Regular follow-up imaging ensures stability and early intervention if needed.
ABS convenes multidisciplinary skull base boards that include neurosurgery, ENT, neuroradiology, endocrinology, and radiation oncology. For rare or ultra-complex pathology, teams coordinate with regional partners to ensure patients receive the most effective, least invasive care possible.
Emerging trends include fiber-tracking tractography for cranial nerves, real-time perfusion mapping, fluorescence-guided vascular imaging, and improved biomaterials for skull base reconstruction. Together, these advances promise safer surgery, faster recovery, and better functional outcomes.
The Spine Center at Atlantic Brain and Spine provides advanced evaluation and treatment for neck, back, and spine disorders. Conditions commonly treated include herniated discs, spinal stenosis, degenerative disc disease, spondylolisthesis, scoliosis, and spinal tumors. Our neurosurgeons specialize in minimally invasive, motion-preserving, and robotic-assisted procedures to relieve pain, stabilize the spine, and restore function.
Every patient’s care plan is tailored to the underlying cause, imaging results, and activity goals.
Robotic spine surgery uses computer-guided navigation and robotic arms to plan and place implants with sub-millimeter precision. This technology enhances accuracy, minimizes tissue disruption, and reduces operative time and radiation exposure.
At ABS, our surgeons perform robotic procedures using ExcelsiusGPS® navigation, allowing for safer, faster recovery with smaller incisions and higher accuracy rates than traditional methods.
The choice depends on the location, size, and complexity of the condition. Minimally invasive spine surgery (MISS) uses small incisions and specialized instruments to treat herniated discs, stenosis, or instability with faster recovery and less pain.
Traditional open surgery may be required for large deformities or revision cases. ABS surgeons evaluate each case individually to determine the least invasive approach that still achieves long-term stability.
Most patients go home the same day or within 24 hours after minimally invasive spine surgery. Light activity resumes in a few days, with physical therapy starting in one to two weeks. Many return to work or normal routines in two to four weeks depending on procedure type and occupation.
Recovery after MISS is faster than traditional approaches because muscles are separated rather than cut.
Cervical spinal stenosis occurs in the neck and can cause numbness, weakness, or coordination issues in arms or legs. Lumbar stenosis occurs in the lower back and often causes leg pain or cramping while walking (neurogenic claudication).
Both are treated with physical therapy, injections, or decompression surgery depending on severity.
Yes. Many patients improve with non-surgical treatments such as activity modification, anti-inflammatory medication, and physical therapy to strengthen core muscles. For persistent pain, injections or minimally invasive decompression may help.
Surgery is typically reserved for severe pain, instability, or neurological symptoms that don’t respond to conservative care.
A herniated disc occurs when the soft inner core of a spinal disc pushes through a tear in its outer layer, compressing nearby nerves. It can cause back pain, sciatica, or weakness in the arms or legs.
Most cases resolve with physical therapy and medications, but surgery may be recommended if pain persists, weakness worsens, or bladder/bowel function is affected.
Motion-preserving spine procedures—such as artificial disc replacement or dynamic stabilization—maintain natural movement rather than fusing the vertebrae. These are ideal for select patients with single-level disease and no instability.
ABS offers advanced motion-preserving options to reduce stress on adjacent discs and preserve mobility.
Candidates for robotic or minimally invasive spine surgery typically have localized spinal pathology such as herniated discs, stenosis, or instability and are in generally good health. Factors like obesity, prior surgeries, or deformity may affect eligibility.
A consultation with an ABS spine specialist—including Dr. Kimberly Ashayeri, Dr. Jonathan Baskin, or Dr. Farah Musharbash—determines candidacy using imaging and physical assessment.
After skull base surgery, MRI scans are typically performed within 3 months and then yearly to monitor for any tumor regrowth or postoperative changes. The frequency depends on tumor type and extent of resection.
ABS coordinates long-term imaging follow-up with each patient’s care team to ensure stability and early detection of recurrence.
Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) delivers precisely focused radiation to skull base tumors without an incision. It’s often used for small meningiomas, acoustic neuromas, and residual tumor tissue after surgery.
ABS offers both CyberKnife® and TrueBeam® SRS technologies for highly accurate, outpatient treatments.
Preserving hearing is a major goal in acoustic neuroma surgery. ABS surgeons use intraoperative auditory monitoring and microsurgical techniques to separate the tumor from the hearing nerve with extreme precision.
In some cases, partial tumor removal combined with radiosurgery offers the best hearing outcomes.
GammaTile® therapy places small bioresorbable tiles containing radiation seeds directly in the surgical cavity after tumor removal. This provides immediate, localized radiation while sparing healthy tissue.
ABS integrates GammaTile® for select recurrent or hard-to-reach skull base tumors to reduce recurrence risk.
Long-term follow-up includes regular MRI imaging, endocrinology evaluations for pituitary cases, and neurologic assessments for cranial nerve function. ABS provides coordinated surveillance across neurosurgery, oncology, and radiation teams.
Successful skull base treatment requires collaboration among neurosurgeons, otolaryngologists, radiation oncologists, and endocrinologists. ABS’s Skull Base Surgery Center brings these specialists together for joint planning and intraoperative teamwork.
Yes — some skull base tumors can be managed with radiosurgery, medication, or observation if they’re small, slow-growing, or asymptomatic. The right choice depends on tumor type, size, and impact on nearby nerves.
ABS provides individualized treatment plans balancing safety and quality of life.
Symptoms vary by location but may include headaches, hearing or vision changes, facial numbness, imbalance, or hormone disruption. Because these signs overlap with other conditions, early MRI evaluation is essential.
Prognosis is excellent for most benign skull base tumors when completely removed. For complex or malignant tumors, advanced radiosurgery and reconstruction techniques at ABS significantly improve long-term survival and quality of life.
Yes — temporary facial weakness can occur when nerves are manipulated during surgery but often improves within weeks to months. Physical therapy and targeted nerve rehabilitation can speed recovery.
Modern skull base surgery uses advanced robotic microscopes, neuronavigation, intraoperative monitoring, and 3-D imaging to guide precision tumor removal. These tools help surgeons see critical nerves and blood vessels in real time, reducing risk and improving recovery.
Robotic microscopes combine magnification and automation, allowing surgeons to control focus and positioning hands-free during complex skull base procedures. This technology improves visibility in deep surgical corridors and reduces fatigue.
ABS uses robotic microscopy to enhance precision in endoscopic and microsurgical approaches.
Post-surgical physical therapy focuses on restoring balance, strength, and coordination—especially after acoustic neuroma or cerebellopontine angle procedures. Therapy reduces dizziness, improves stability, and helps patients regain independence.
Yes—tumors near the optic nerve or pituitary gland can cause vision problems, and surgery may temporarily affect eyesight as swelling subsides. ABS surgeons use nerve-monitoring and image guidance to protect visual pathways during every procedure.
Patients are encouraged to maintain good hydration, rest, avoid heavy lifting, and attend all follow-up appointments. Gradual return to activity and a healthy diet rich in protein aid healing. Smoking cessation and blood-pressure control also protect recovery.
After pituitary or parasellar tumor removal, hormone levels are closely tracked through blood tests. Temporary hormone replacement may be prescribed while the gland recovers. ABS coordinates care with endocrinologists for long-term balance and wellness.
Most patients can safely fly 4–6 weeks after surgery once cleared by their surgeon. Cabin-pressure changes may worsen headaches or sinus congestion if recovery isn’t complete. Always follow your provider’s guidance before travel.
Return-to-work timelines depend on the surgical approach and job type. Many patients resume light desk work within 2–4 weeks after minimally invasive surgery. Physically demanding jobs may require up to 8–12 weeks of recovery.
Long-term side effects are uncommon but may include mild numbness, taste changes, or hearing differences. Most resolve within months. Ongoing imaging ensures no delayed tumor regrowth or CSF leak issues.
Success rates for benign skull base tumor removal exceed 90% at specialized centers like ABS. Advances in imaging, endoscopy, and intraoperative monitoring have made these complex surgeries safer than ever before.
Skull base surgery is a specialized form of neurosurgery that treats tumors and other abnormalities located at the base of the skull, near critical nerves and blood vessels. These include pituitary tumors, acoustic neuromas, chordomas, and meningiomas.
The Skull Base Surgery Center at Atlantic Brain and Spine uses both traditional and minimally invasive endoscopic techniques for safer outcomes.
An acoustic neuroma (vestibular schwannoma) is a benign tumor that grows on the nerve connecting the inner ear to the brain. Symptoms often include hearing loss, tinnitus, and balance problems.
ABS neurosurgeons use microsurgical or radiosurgical techniques to remove or control growth while preserving hearing and facial function.
A pituitary tumor develops in the small gland at the base of the brain that regulates hormones. Most are benign but can cause vision changes, headaches, or hormonal imbalances.
ABS’s skull base surgeons remove pituitary tumors using an endoscopic endonasal approach through the nose, avoiding external incisions.
Endoscopic endonasal surgery (EES) is a minimally invasive skull base approach performed through the nostrils using a tiny camera and instruments. It allows access to tumors at the base of the brain without facial incisions.
ABS specializes in EES for pituitary tumors, meningiomas, chordomas, and other deep-seated lesions.
A chordoma is a rare, slow-growing cancer that forms from remnants of the notochord, typically at the skull base or spine. It can cause headaches, double vision, or swallowing difficulties.
ABS neurosurgeons use advanced robotic microscopes and multidisciplinary care to achieve complete tumor removal while preserving function.
A skull base meningioma is a benign tumor that develops from the membranes covering the brain. Because of its deep location, it may compress cranial nerves and cause hearing loss, vision changes, or facial numbness.
ABS uses microsurgical and radiosurgical approaches to safely remove or control tumor growth.
A craniopharyngioma is a rare, benign brain tumor that develops near the pituitary gland and optic nerves. It can cause vision problems, hormonal imbalance, and headaches.
ABS surgeons often treat these using minimally invasive endoscopic techniques to maximize tumor removal and preserve endocrine function.
A CSF leak occurs when the membrane that surrounds the brain or spinal cord tears, allowing fluid to escape. This can cause clear nasal drainage or headaches that worsen when standing.
ABS skull base surgeons repair CSF leaks endoscopically through the nose, sealing the defect with tissue grafts.
Minimally invasive skull base surgery offers smaller incisions, faster recovery, and reduced risk to surrounding nerves and vessels. Techniques like EES and keyhole craniotomies allow precise tumor removal through natural openings.
ABS surgeons specialize in these approaches to improve safety and outcomes.
Intraoperative navigation uses advanced imaging and GPS-like technology to guide surgeons during complex skull base operations. It allows precise localization of tumors while avoiding vital nerves and blood vessels.
ABS integrates intraoperative navigation with robotic microscopes for the highest surgical precision.
An olfactory groove meningioma is a benign tumor that develops along the base of the skull near the nerves responsible for smell. It may cause loss of smell, headaches, or personality changes as it grows.
ABS neurosurgeons remove these tumors using keyhole or endoscopic approaches to preserve brain function and minimize cosmetic impact.
A sphenoid wing meningioma arises along the skull base behind the eyes and can press on the optic nerve, causing vision loss or double vision. Because of their location near major blood vessels, they require specialized skull base techniques.
ABS uses image-guided microsurgery to remove these tumors while protecting vision.
Protecting cranial nerves is a top priority in skull base surgery. Surgeons use high-magnification microscopes, nerve monitoring, and navigation systems to identify and preserve delicate nerves controlling vision, hearing, and facial movement.
ABS integrates these technologies into every case for the best functional outcomes.
A keyhole craniotomy is a minimally invasive surgical approach using a small incision and bone opening to reach skull base tumors. It reduces brain retraction, pain, and recovery time compared to traditional surgery.
ABS’s skull base specialists use keyhole routes for meningiomas, chordomas, and other deep-seated tumors.
After tumor removal through the nose, surgeons reconstruct the skull base to prevent cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks. They use tissue grafts or synthetic materials to seal the opening securely.
ABS skull base surgeons are experts in multilayer closure techniques that protect against infection and ensure durable healing.
Recovery depends on tumor type and surgical approach. Patients who undergo minimally invasive or endoscopic surgery often go home within a few days, while open craniotomy cases may need longer hospital stays.
Most patients resume light activity within 2–4 weeks, with full recovery in 2–3 months.
Like all major surgeries, skull base procedures carry risks such as bleeding, infection, CSF leak, or temporary nerve weakness. Advances in navigation, endoscopy, and reconstruction have greatly reduced these risks at centers like ABS.
Some skull base tumors, such as meningiomas and chordomas, can recur even after complete removal. Regular MRI surveillance helps detect any regrowth early so that radiosurgery or reoperation can be performed promptly.
Open skull base surgery involves a small craniotomy (bone opening), while endoscopic surgery accesses the tumor through the nasal passages without external cuts. The choice depends on tumor type, size, and location.
ABS offers both techniques, selecting the safest and most effective approach for each patient.
Because smell nerves are near the surgical area, some patients experience temporary or permanent loss of smell (anosmia). Taste may also change slightly as smell contributes to flavor perception.
ABS surgeons use nerve-sparing techniques whenever possible to preserve sensory function.
Aneurysm recurrence is rare but possible, especially with large or wide-neck aneurysms treated using coils. Follow-up imaging helps ensure long-term success. If recurrence occurs, it can often be treated with additional coiling or a flow-diverter stent.
The Brain Aneurysm Center at Atlantic Brain and Spine provides lifelong monitoring to prevent future risk.
Some patients experience mild or intermittent headaches after aneurysm treatment due to vessel healing or temporary nerve irritation. These typically improve over weeks to months.
However, sudden or severe headaches should always be evaluated to rule out complications such as rebleeding or vasospasm.
Complications after a subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) can include vasospasm, hydrocephalus (fluid buildup), rebleeding, and seizures. These are managed through intensive monitoring, medication, or surgery if needed.
ABS’s neurocritical care teams provide 24/7 management in specialized stroke units for optimal recovery.
Hydrocephalus, or fluid buildup in the brain, may occur after bleeding or surgery. It’s treated by draining excess cerebrospinal fluid using a temporary external drain or a permanent shunt to divert flow safely.
ABS neurosurgeons customize treatment to restore normal pressure and protect brain function.
Recovery time varies based on the type of procedure. After open surgical clipping, most patients recover in 6–12 weeks. After endovascular coiling or stenting, recovery is typically faster, often within 1–2 weeks.
ABS provides detailed follow-up schedules to guide safe return to activity.
An angiographic follow-up uses CT angiography (CTA), MR angiography (MRA), or catheter angiography to check blood flow after treatment of aneurysms, AVMs, or stenosis. These studies verify that repaired vessels remain sealed and healthy.
Recovery after AVM treatment depends on its size and location. Most patients spend 1–3 days in the hospital and can resume normal activity within weeks. Follow-up imaging ensures complete closure of abnormal vessels.
Rehabilitation may be needed if seizures or weakness occurred before treatment.
While most aneurysms are sporadic, about 10–15% have a genetic or familial component. Screening with MRA or CTA may be recommended for first-degree relatives when there’s a strong family history of aneurysm or subarachnoid hemorrhage.
Yes — an aneurysm that leaks or ruptures can irritate surrounding brain tissue and trigger seizures. Rarely, even unruptured aneurysms may cause seizures if they press on nearby cortex.
ABS’s neurovascular specialists coordinate care with epileptologists for long-term management when needed.
Survival after a ruptured aneurysm depends on how quickly the bleeding is treated. About two-thirds of patients survive, and outcomes are best when treated immediately at a comprehensive neurovascular center like ABS.
Rapid diagnosis, microsurgical expertise, and endovascular care significantly improve survival rates.
Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis occurs when a blood clot forms in the brain’s venous sinuses, blocking blood drainage and causing swelling or bleeding. Symptoms may include severe headache, blurred vision, and seizures.
ABS’s Neurovascular Care specialists diagnose CVST using MR or CT venography and treat it with blood thinners or minimally invasive clot removal.
Cavernous malformations (cavernomas) are clusters of abnormal blood vessels in the brain or spinal cord that can leak blood slowly over time. They may cause headaches, seizures, or neurological changes depending on location.
ABS neurosurgeons offer surgical removal when lesions cause symptoms or recurrent bleeding.
A dural AVF is an abnormal connection between arteries and veins in the brain’s covering (dura). It disrupts normal blood flow and may cause pulsating sounds, headaches, or neurological symptoms.
ABS specialists treat dAVFs using endovascular embolization to close the abnormal connection safely.
A carotid cavernous fistula is an abnormal connection between the carotid artery and the cavernous sinus vein behind the eye. Symptoms can include eye redness, bulging, or vision changes.
ABS’s endovascular team treats CCFs with targeted embolization to restore normal blood flow and protect vision.
Certain types of migraines, especially migraine with aura, have been linked to a slightly higher risk of ischemic stroke — particularly in women who smoke or use estrogen-containing birth control. Managing these factors can greatly reduce risk.
Moyamoya disease is a rare condition where brain arteries narrow over time, causing small collateral vessels to form. It increases the risk of stroke or transient ischemic attacks (TIAs).
Treatment may include medications to improve blood flow or surgery to create new blood supply routes.
An AVM is a tangle of abnormal blood vessels that connect arteries and veins directly, bypassing capillaries. This can cause bleeding or seizures if untreated.
ABS offers surgical, radiosurgical, and endovascular options to safely remove or close AVMs.
Chronic stress can raise blood pressure and inflammation, increasing long-term stroke risk. Sudden stress responses can also trigger heart rhythm changes that reduce blood flow to the brain.
ABS’s stroke prevention program includes lifestyle guidance for stress reduction and heart health.
Yes — strokes can occur during sleep, often discovered upon waking with weakness, speech trouble, or facial drooping. These are called ‘wake-up strokes.’ Immediate imaging helps determine when it occurred and if emergency treatment is still possible.
Preventing stroke long-term involves managing blood pressure, maintaining a healthy weight, staying active, quitting smoking, and following a heart-healthy diet. Regular checkups and medication adherence are key.
ABS provides comprehensive stroke prevention and neurovascular follow-up care.
The key warning signs of stroke can be remembered by the acronym BE FAST:
- Balance – sudden loss of balance or coordination
- Eyes – sudden vision changes
- Face – drooping on one side
- Arms – weakness or numbness
- Speech – slurred or confused speech
- Time – call 911 immediately
Recognizing these signs and acting quickly can save a life and preserve brain function.
An ischemic stroke is the most common type of stroke, caused by a blood clot blocking an artery that supplies the brain. This deprives brain cells of oxygen and can cause permanent damage if not treated promptly.
At ABS, treatment may include clot-busting medications (tPA) or mechanical thrombectomy to remove the blockage and restore blood flow.
A hemorrhagic stroke occurs when a weakened blood vessel ruptures, causing bleeding into or around the brain. The pressure from this bleeding damages nearby tissue and disrupts vital brain function.
ABS specialists use advanced imaging to locate and treat the source, often with minimally invasive surgery or endovascular coiling.
A transient ischemic attack (TIA) occurs when blood flow to part of the brain is briefly blocked but quickly restored. Symptoms are similar to a stroke but resolve within minutes to hours.
Even though TIAs don’t cause lasting damage, they are a serious warning sign — about one in three people will later have a major stroke if untreated.
A mechanical thrombectomy is a minimally invasive procedure that removes a blood clot from a blocked brain artery during an ischemic stroke. Using a catheter through a wrist or groin artery, specialists capture and remove the clot, restoring blood flow immediately.
This procedure can dramatically improve recovery if performed within the first several hours after stroke onset.
Diagnosis begins with a neurological exam and brain imaging such as CT or MRI to determine whether the stroke is ischemic or hemorrhagic. Additional tests like CT angiography, echocardiogram, or carotid ultrasound help identify the cause.
At ABS, stroke teams are on call 24/7 to evaluate patients immediately and guide rapid treatment.
Yes — many people recover partially or fully after stroke, especially when treatment is started quickly. Recovery depends on the stroke’s location and severity and may include physical, occupational, or speech therapy.
ABS’s neurorehabilitation team partners with stroke specialists to help patients regain strength, mobility, and independence.
A subarachnoid hemorrhage is bleeding into the space between the brain and its membranes, often caused by a ruptured aneurysm. Symptoms include a sudden, severe headache, neck stiffness, and nausea.
This condition is life-threatening and requires emergency neurosurgical or endovascular treatment to secure the bleeding vessel and relieve pressure.
Key ways to reduce stroke risk include controlling blood pressure, managing diabetes and cholesterol, quitting smoking, exercising regularly, and eating a balanced diet. Limiting alcohol and treating sleep apnea can also help.
ABS’s stroke prevention program focuses on individualized plans to manage vascular risk factors long-term.
Vasospasm is the narrowing of brain blood vessels that can occur days after a subarachnoid hemorrhage. It reduces blood flow to brain tissue and can cause secondary stroke if untreated.
At ABS, patients are monitored closely with daily transcranial Doppler ultrasounds and treated with medications or endovascular therapy to improve circulation.
Endovascular embolization is a minimally invasive procedure that blocks abnormal or leaking blood vessels in the brain using coils, glue, or other materials. It’s used to treat aneurysms, AVMs, and fistulas.
ABS’s neurointerventional team performs embolization using advanced biplane angiography for pinpoint precision.
After aneurysm repair — whether by coiling, clipping, or flow-diverter stent — patients need periodic MRI or catheter angiography to confirm the vessel remains sealed. The first follow-up is usually 6–12 months post-procedure, then less frequently if stable.
ABS’s Neurovascular Care team maintains long-term surveillance to ensure durable results.
A carotid artery stent is a small mesh tube placed inside a narrowed carotid artery in the neck to keep it open and restore blood flow to the brain. It helps prevent stroke in patients with carotid artery disease who are not good candidates for surgery.
ABS offers both carotid endarterectomy and stenting, selecting the safest approach for each patient.
Carotid endarterectomy is a surgical procedure that removes plaque buildup from the carotid artery to restore normal blood flow and reduce stroke risk. It’s often recommended for patients with significant narrowing (stenosis).
ABS neurosurgeons use microsurgical precision and intraoperative monitoring to maximize safety.
An intracranial stent is a small device placed inside brain arteries to treat narrowing (stenosis) or to support coil or flow-diverter placement. It restores or maintains blood flow where arteries are weak or blocked.
ABS neurointerventionalists use FDA-approved devices and advanced imaging guidance to ensure precise results.
Balloon angioplasty involves inflating a small balloon inside a narrowed brain or neck artery to widen it and improve blood flow. It’s often combined with stent placement in cases of atherosclerotic disease or vasospasm.
ABS’s endovascular specialists perform this procedure using microcatheters for high precision.
Post-stroke rehabilitation focuses on restoring movement, speech, and independence through physical, occupational, and speech therapy. Recovery varies by person but typically begins within days of stabilization.
ABS coordinates care across neurosurgery, rehabilitation medicine, and therapy teams for the best outcomes.
The main risk factors for a second stroke include high blood pressure, diabetes, atrial fibrillation, smoking, and high cholesterol. Poor medication adherence also increases recurrence risk.
ABS’s stroke prevention program offers follow-up care and lifestyle guidance to reduce future events.
Driving after stroke depends on the type and extent of neurological deficits. Many patients can safely return to driving after passing cognitive and vision assessments and completing rehabilitation.
ABS’s neurorehabilitation team provides guidance on readiness evaluations and next steps.
High-resolution MRI, specifically FIESTA or CISS sequences, is the gold standard for diagnosing trigeminal neuralgia. These specialized scans visualize small blood vessels compressing the trigeminal nerve at the brainstem.
At the Facial Pain and Spasm Center, these advanced images help guide precise, targeted treatments like microvascular decompression or radiosurgery.
Yes. While dental work doesn’t cause trigeminal neuralgia, dental procedures may trigger flare-ups or be mistaken for tooth pain. Because trigeminal pain can mimic dental problems, patients often see a dentist first before realizing it’s neurological.
Our specialists at Atlantic Brain and Spine frequently collaborate with dental and ENT teams to ensure patients receive the right diagnosis and treatment.
Stress doesn’t cause trigeminal neuralgia or hemifacial spasm, but it can heighten muscle tension and make pain episodes feel worse. Chronic stress can also interfere with sleep and nerve recovery.
At ABS, patients are encouraged to pair medical treatment with relaxation, mindfulness, or physical therapy to reduce overall nerve irritability.
Secondary trigeminal neuralgia occurs when nerve irritation is caused by another underlying condition, such as a tumor, multiple sclerosis, or vascular malformation. This type of neuralgia requires specialized imaging and treatment of the root cause.
ABS neurosurgeons use advanced MRI protocols and coordinate care with neurologists to identify and treat secondary TN effectively.
In rare cases, trigeminal neuralgia symptoms may improve temporarily, but most patients require treatment to prevent progression. Because nerve irritation often worsens with time, early diagnosis and management are key to long-term relief.
ABS specialists tailor treatment to each patient’s anatomy and symptom pattern for the best possible outcome.
After radiosurgery, most patients go home the same day. Pain relief may take several weeks as the nerve gradually responds to treatment. Temporary numbness or tingling is possible but usually improves over time.
Follow-up imaging helps confirm the target area and ensure safety of surrounding tissues.
Nerve blocks involve injecting medication near the trigeminal or occipital nerves to temporarily stop pain signals. Microvascular decompression (MVD) is a surgical procedure that physically separates a compressing blood vessel from the nerve, providing long-term relief.
Nerve blocks can help confirm diagnosis or offer short-term relief, while MVD addresses the underlying cause permanently.
Chronic facial pain can significantly affect mood, sleep, and overall quality of life. Many patients experience anxiety or depression due to prolonged discomfort and unpredictability of pain episodes.
At ABS, care teams include pain specialists and behavioral health partners to support patients holistically through recovery.
Most facial pain conditions like trigeminal neuralgia and hemifacial spasm are not hereditary. However, some vascular configurations or genetic conditions can predispose individuals to nerve compression.
Family history is considered during diagnosis, but most cases are isolated and develop spontaneously.
Call your doctor immediately if you experience severe headaches, drainage from the incision, or new weakness or numbness after surgery. Mild soreness or fatigue is common, but sudden changes should be evaluated.
ABS provides detailed post-operative instructions and a direct line for patients to reach their surgical team 24/7.
Warning signs of a ruptured aneurysm include a sudden, severe headache often described as ‘the worst headache of my life,’ nausea, vomiting, neck stiffness, blurred vision, confusion, or loss of consciousness. Some patients may experience warning leaks — minor headaches or visual changes — before a major rupture.
Anyone with these symptoms should call 911 immediately. Early treatment at a specialized center like ABS’s Neurovascular Care program can save lives.
Most small aneurysms don’t disappear on their own but may remain stable for years without treatment. Regular monitoring with MRI or CTA scans is essential to track any changes in size or shape.
The Neurovascular Care team develops personalized surveillance plans to balance safety with minimal intervention.
Brain aneurysms develop when an artery wall weakens due to genetics, high blood pressure, smoking, or trauma. They are more common in women and can occur at branching points of arteries where blood flow is strongest.
Preventive care at ABS focuses on controlling risk factors through blood-pressure management, smoking cessation, and regular imaging when indicated.
Coil embolization is a minimally invasive procedure where soft platinum coils are inserted through a catheter into the aneurysm to block blood flow and prevent rupture. It’s performed inside blood vessels using X-ray guidance, avoiding open brain surgery.
ABS’s endovascular neurosurgeons use 3D imaging and microcatheter techniques to maximize precision and safety.
Flow-diverter stents are tiny mesh tubes placed inside an artery to redirect blood flow away from a brain aneurysm. Over time, the aneurysm seals off naturally as blood no longer circulates within it.
This treatment is ideal for large or wide-neck aneurysms that can’t be safely treated with coils alone.
A dural arteriovenous fistula (DAVF) is an abnormal connection between arteries and veins within the brain’s protective covering (the dura). These lesions can cause headaches, ringing in the ears, or bleeding depending on their location.
Diagnosis typically requires angiography, and treatment often involves endovascular embolization to close the abnormal vessel connection.
A cerebral angiogram is a specialized imaging test that uses a thin catheter and contrast dye to map blood vessels in the brain. It provides high-resolution detail not visible on MRI or CT and is essential for diagnosing aneurysms, AVMs, and fistulas.
At ABS, angiograms are performed by experienced neurointerventionalists using advanced biplane technology for optimal accuracy and safety.
Trigeminal neuralgia flare-ups can be triggered by everyday sensations that stimulate the facial nerve — such as brushing your teeth, talking, or a light breeze. The condition is usually caused by a blood vessel pressing on the trigeminal nerve at the brainstem, sending erratic pain signals. Over time, the nerve becomes hypersensitive, making even mild touch feel like an electric shock. Some patients experience cycles of remission and recurrence, while others develop constant pain.
At the Facial Pain and Spasm Center, neurosurgeons carefully evaluate each patient with MRI imaging to identify vascular compression or other structural causes. Treatments may include medications, microvascular decompression (MVD), or stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) depending on the severity and anatomy of the nerve.
Microvascular decompression (MVD) is a minimally invasive surgical procedure that relieves abnormal pressure on cranial nerves. In trigeminal neuralgia, MVD involves making a small opening behind the ear, gently separating the compressing blood vessel from the trigeminal nerve, and placing a soft cushion between them.
At Atlantic Brain and Spine, Dr. Stephen Johnson performs MVD using high-magnification visualization and intraoperative monitoring to protect nerve function. This approach provides the highest rate of long-term pain freedom for trigeminal neuralgia patients—often 80–90% success—without damaging the nerve.
MVD is considered the gold standard for treating trigeminal neuralgia when medication fails. Studies show long-term success rates of 80–90%, meaning most patients experience lasting pain relief or complete resolution. The effectiveness depends on factors like nerve compression severity and duration of symptoms.
At ABS, outcomes are enhanced through intraoperative nerve monitoring and high-definition imaging. Patients are typically discharged within a few days and resume normal activities in 2–3 weeks. For recurrent pain, radiosurgery or percutaneous procedures can also be considered.
Not always. Facial pain can stem from multiple causes — including dental problems, sinus inflammation, temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dysfunction, or post-herpetic neuralgia after shingles. True trigeminal neuralgia pain is usually sharp, electric, and follows a specific facial nerve branch.
Because facial pain can mimic several disorders, accurate diagnosis is critical. At the Facial Pain and Spasm Center, specialists use imaging and neurological exams to distinguish between neuralgic and musculoskeletal pain sources, ensuring patients receive precise and effective care.
Yes. Botulinum toxin (Botox) injections temporarily relax overactive facial muscles affected by hemifacial spasm. Many patients find relief lasting three to four months per treatment.
While Botox manages symptoms, it doesn’t treat the root cause—vascular compression. For long-term relief, microvascular decompression offers a permanent solution by separating the facial nerve from the offending blood vessel.
Glossopharyngeal neuralgia (GPN) is a rare but severe condition that causes stabbing pain in the throat, tongue, ear, or tonsil area. It occurs when the glossopharyngeal nerve (cranial nerve IX) is compressed, often by a nearby artery.
Treatment may involve medication or microvascular decompression, which relieves pressure on the nerve. At ABS, Dr. Stephen Johnson specializes in identifying and surgically treating this and other cranial nerve disorders with outstanding outcomes.
Facial nerve compression is diagnosed through a combination of neurological exam and MRI with high-resolution 3D sequences to visualize blood vessels and nerves at the brainstem. Specialized imaging can show where a vessel contacts or distorts the nerve.
At the Facial Pain and Spasm Center, advanced MRI and intraoperative neuro-monitoring help ensure accurate diagnosis and precise surgical outcomes.
Recovery after microvascular decompression is typically fast. Most patients spend two to three nights in the hospital and return to normal activities within two to four weeks.
At ABS, patients are guided through recovery by specialized neurosurgical nurses and physical therapists to ensure a safe, smooth transition home. Follow-up MRI scans confirm nerve decompression and stability.
The Facial Pain and Spasm Center at Atlantic Brain and Spine is one of few programs in the region specializing in all types of cranial nerve compression syndromes. Patients benefit from access to a team led by Dr. Stephen Johnson, who performs more MVD surgeries than nearly any other surgeon in the area.
The center combines advanced microsurgical expertise, imaging, and patient-centered care to deliver exceptional outcomes for conditions like trigeminal neuralgia, hemifacial spasm, and glossopharyngeal neuralgia.
Yes. While most patients enjoy long-term relief after microvascular decompression (MVD) or radiosurgery, trigeminal neuralgia can occasionally return months or years later. Recurrence may happen if scar tissue forms or if a nearby blood vessel again compresses the trigeminal nerve.
At the Facial Pain and Spasm Center, neurosurgeons use high-definition imaging and intraoperative monitoring to minimize this risk. If pain does recur, options such as repeat MVD, stereotactic radiosurgery, or percutaneous rhizotomy can often restore comfort without major surgery.
Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) delivers a focused, high-dose beam of radiation to the trigeminal nerve root to interrupt pain signals—without an incision. It’s ideal for patients who cannot undergo open surgery or prefer a noninvasive option.
At Atlantic Brain and Spine, neurosurgeons use both CyberKnife® and TrueBeam® technologies to precisely target the nerve while protecting nearby tissue. Pain relief usually develops gradually over several weeks.
Percutaneous rhizotomy procedures—such as glycerol injection, radiofrequency lesioning, or balloon compression—use a needle-based approach through the cheek to treat the trigeminal nerve root. These minimally invasive techniques disrupt pain fibers and can provide rapid relief for severe trigeminal neuralgia.
They’re often recommended when medications stop working and surgery isn’t an option. While results may not last as long as MVD, rhizotomy can be repeated safely if pain returns.
Bilateral trigeminal neuralgia is rare—occurring in less than 5% of cases—but it can happen. When pain affects both sides, it’s essential to rule out underlying conditions like multiple sclerosis (MS) that may cause widespread nerve irritation.
ABS specialists perform detailed imaging and neurological testing to identify the root cause and personalize treatment. Even in bilateral cases, options such as radiosurgery or medication can successfully control pain.
Hemifacial spasm is usually triggered by irritation or compression of the facial nerve by a looping artery or vein at the brainstem. Stress, fatigue, and caffeine may temporarily worsen twitching but are not the root cause.
Definitive treatment—such as microvascular decompression—relieves the compression permanently. Botox injections can help manage spasms while awaiting surgery.
Like all surgeries, microvascular decompression carries some risks—including infection, hearing loss, or facial weakness—but serious complications are uncommon. Modern techniques and intraoperative nerve monitoring have made MVD one of the safest cranial procedures.
At ABS, patients undergo thorough preoperative assessment and are monitored closely to minimize risks and ensure optimal outcomes.
Yes. In some patients, trigeminal neuralgia is linked to multiple sclerosis, which damages the protective myelin sheath around nerves. MS-related facial pain often feels similar to classic trigeminal neuralgia but occurs without visible vascular compression on MRI.
Treatment may involve medications that stabilize nerve activity, such as carbamazepine, and in some cases, stereotactic radiosurgery for symptom control.
Atypical facial pain (also called persistent idiopathic facial pain) causes a constant, dull ache that does not follow the exact nerve pathways of trigeminal neuralgia. In contrast, trigeminal neuralgia produces sudden, shock-like attacks along one or more trigeminal branches.
ABS specialists use advanced MRI and diagnostic blocks to distinguish between these syndromes and tailor therapy accordingly.
Botox injections for hemifacial spasm typically last three to four months. Over time, patients learn their optimal treatment schedule to maintain comfort and symmetry.
ABS providers precisely map affected muscles to achieve natural results with minimal side effects.
You should see a neurosurgeon if facial pain is severe, electric-shock-like, or unresponsive to medications. Early evaluation ensures accurate diagnosis and prevents prolonged suffering.
The Facial Pain and Spasm Center provides comprehensive assessment, imaging, and access to minimally invasive procedures that target the source of nerve irritation.
Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) usually occurs when a blood vessel presses on the trigeminal nerve at the brainstem, causing intense, electric shock–like facial pain.
Other causes include multiple sclerosis, prior trauma, or rarely, tumors compressing the nerve.
Diagnosis involves MRI with high-resolution sequences to visualize nerve contact. Learn more.
Patients describe sudden, severe, stabbing pain on one side of the face triggered by talking, brushing teeth, or even wind exposure.
Attacks last seconds but can occur repeatedly throughout the day, often leading to anxiety and avoidance behaviors.
Proper diagnosis distinguishes TN from dental or sinus issues. Learn more.
Initial treatment includes anticonvulsant medications such as carbamazepine or oxcarbazepine to calm nerve firing.
If medications fail, minimally invasive options like radiofrequency rhizotomy, Gamma Knife radiosurgery, or microvascular decompression (MVD) can provide lasting relief.
Our specialists tailor therapy to cause and patient preference. Learn more.
MVD is a minimally invasive surgery that repositions the blood vessel compressing the trigeminal, facial, or glossopharyngeal nerve, placing a soft pad between them to prevent future contact.
It’s the only procedure that preserves normal nerve function while eliminating the underlying cause of pain. Learn more.
Yes. MVD has a high success rate and low complication risk when performed by experienced neurosurgeons. Most patients experience complete or near-complete pain relief.
Typical hospital stay is 1–2 nights. Learn more.
Hemifacial spasm causes involuntary twitching of muscles on one side of the face, typically from blood vessel compression of the facial nerve.
Early symptoms include eyelid fluttering that may progress to continuous facial contractions.
Treatment options include Botox injections or microvascular decompression for lasting relief. Learn more.
First-line treatment is Botox injections every few months to relax the affected muscles. For long-term cure, microvascular decompression relieves the vascular compression at the facial nerve root.
Both treatments are highly effective when performed by experienced specialists. Learn more.
GPN is rare facial pain felt in the throat, tongue, or ear, often triggered by swallowing, coughing, or speaking.
It’s caused by vascular compression of the glossopharyngeal nerve. Microvascular decompression provides the most durable relief when medication fails. Learn more.
Recurrence occurs in a small percentage of patients, usually years after surgery. It may result from new vascular contact or scar tissue.
Repeat microvascular decompression or radiosurgery can restore relief. Ongoing follow-up ensures early detection. Learn more.
Our team performs one of the highest volumes of MVD procedures in the region, led by nationally recognized experts in cranial nerve disorders.
Patients benefit from specialized imaging, microsurgical expertise, and minimally invasive care designed for lasting results. Learn more.
A brain aneurysm is a weak, bulging area in a blood vessel wall that can leak or rupture, causing bleeding in the brain (subarachnoid hemorrhage).
Many are found incidentally on MRI or CTA scans before rupture. Early detection allows safe monitoring or treatment. Learn more.
A ruptured aneurysm causes sudden, severe headache—often described as “the worst headache of my life.” Other symptoms include nausea, neck stiffness, vision changes, and loss of consciousness.
This is a medical emergency requiring immediate neurosurgical care. Learn more.
Treatment options include endovascular coiling, surgical clipping, or flow-diverting stents. The goal is to seal off the aneurysm to prevent bleeding.
Our team uses advanced imaging and minimally invasive techniques to choose the safest, most effective method. Learn more.
Endovascular coiling involves navigating a catheter through the blood vessels to place tiny platinum coils inside the aneurysm. The coils promote clotting, sealing the aneurysm from circulation.
It’s performed through a small groin or wrist puncture with no open surgery required. Learn more.
A flow-diverting stent redirects blood flow away from the aneurysm, allowing it to heal naturally over time.
It’s ideal for large, wide-neck aneurysms not suitable for coiling or clipping. Learn more.
An AVM is a tangle of abnormal blood vessels connecting arteries and veins, which can disrupt normal blood flow and oxygen delivery.
AVMs can bleed or cause seizures, headaches, or neurological symptoms. Learn more.
AVM management may include embolization, microsurgery, or radiosurgery. The approach depends on size, location, and rupture history.
Our multidisciplinary team designs a personalized plan to minimize bleeding risk and preserve function. Learn more.
A stroke occurs when blood flow to part of the brain is interrupted by a clot (ischemic) or bleeding (hemorrhagic).
Prompt treatment is critical to minimize brain injury. Call 911 immediately if stroke symptoms occur. Learn more.
Common stroke symptoms include facial droop, arm weakness, and speech difficulty—remembered by the acronym BE FAST (Balance, Eyes, Face, Arm, Speech, Time).
Every minute counts to preserve brain function. Learn more.
Thrombectomy is a minimally invasive procedure to remove a clot from a blocked brain artery using a catheter guided through blood vessels.
When performed within hours of onset, it can dramatically improve recovery and independence. Learn more.
Spinal decompression removes bone or ligament pressing on nerves to relieve pain, numbness, or weakness.
Techniques include laminectomy, laminotomy, or foraminotomy depending on the level and cause of compression.
Our minimally invasive methods shorten recovery and preserve stability. Learn more.
A microdiscectomy removes a small portion of a herniated disc pressing on a nerve root through a one-inch incision.
It’s performed using a microscope for precision and minimal muscle disruption.
Most patients walk the same day and recover quickly. Learn more.
Cervical disc replacement removes a diseased disc and inserts an artificial one to maintain motion and reduce adjacent level stress.
It’s ideal for younger, active patients with single-level disease and no significant arthritis. Learn more.
Posterior cervical foraminotomy relieves nerve compression by removing bone spurs or disc fragments through the back of the neck, preserving motion.
It’s suitable for isolated nerve-root compression without spinal instability. Learn more.
Lumbar fusion joins vertebrae to treat instability, spondylolisthesis, or recurrent disc herniation. Bone grafts and screws create solid fusion over months.
Minimally invasive or robotic techniques reduce blood loss and recovery time. Learn more.
The MILD procedure removes small portions of thickened ligament causing lumbar stenosis through a 5 mm incision under imaging guidance.
It’s done under local anesthesia and allows same-day discharge. Learn more.
Radiofrequency rhizotomy uses heat to deactivate small nerves that transmit pain from arthritic facet joints.
Relief typically lasts 6–12 months, and nerves may regenerate slowly.
It’s performed with X-ray guidance under light sedation. Learn more.
SCS places small electrodes near the spinal cord to block pain signals for chronic back or leg pain unresponsive to surgery.
Patients try a temporary stimulator first; if relief is significant, a permanent implant follows. Learn more.
Vertebroplasty injects bone cement into fractured vertebrae to restore strength and reduce pain from osteoporosis or trauma.
It’s performed under image guidance as an outpatient procedure. Learn more.
A discogram identifies which spinal disc causes pain by injecting dye into discs under X-ray and noting pain reproduction.
It’s diagnostic only—used to plan surgery or confirm a pain source. Learn more.
Most patients walk the same day and gradually increase activity over several weeks. Pain improves quickly as nerve inflammation subsides.
We provide a detailed recovery guide covering wound care, medications, and physical therapy milestones. Learn more.
Most office workers return within 2–4 weeks after minimally invasive surgery. Jobs requiring lifting may need 6–12 weeks.
Your surgeon tailors clearance to your role and healing progress. Learn more.
Yes. Physical therapy restores flexibility, strengthens core muscles, and teaches safe body mechanics.
Programs start with gentle mobility and progress to endurance and conditioning as healing continues. Learn more.
Surgery is considered when imaging confirms nerve compression or instability and non-surgical treatments have failed.
Severe leg pain, weakness, or loss of function are key warning signs. Learn more.
Diagnosis typically starts with MRI to visualize discs and nerves. CT or X-ray may be used to assess bone alignment or fractures.
Dynamic X-rays help detect instability. Learn more.
Cervical surgery treats neck-related issues like herniated discs or stenosis affecting the arms or hands. Lumbar surgery focuses on the lower back and legs.
Approaches and recovery times vary depending on the region treated. Learn more.
Yes. Robotic guidance improves surgical accuracy, minimizes radiation, and reduces complication rates when used by trained surgeons.
Navigation verifies every step in real time. Learn more.
Our surgeons are fellowship-trained specialists in complex and minimally invasive spine surgery. We use advanced navigation and robotics for precision and patient safety.
Care is personalized, multidisciplinary, and outcomes-driven. Learn more.
Yes. Many minimally invasive procedures, such as microdiscectomy, decompression, and pars repair, are performed safely as outpatient or same-day surgeries.
These approaches reduce infection risk and speed recovery. Learn more.
Long-term outcomes depend on diagnosis, surgical technique, and rehabilitation. Most patients achieve lasting pain relief, improved function, and a higher quality of life.
Follow-up care ensures durability and early detection of new issues. Learn more.
We evaluate neck and back pain, herniated discs, spinal stenosis, scoliosis, spondylolisthesis, fractures, and nerve compression.
Each plan begins with detailed imaging and conservative options—therapy, medications, or targeted injections—before considering surgery.
When surgery is indicated, our specialists offer minimally invasive, robotic, or complex reconstructions. Learn more at Atlantic Brain and Spine.
Robotic systems merge pre-operative CT planning with intra-operative navigation to guide screw placement and alignment through tiny incisions.
The approach enhances accuracy, reduces radiation exposure, and speeds recovery.
Our surgeons use the ExcelsiusGPS system for complex fusions and deformity corrections. Learn more at Atlantic Brain and Spine.
MISS uses tubular retractors and microscopic visualization to access the spine with minimal muscle disruption.
Patients usually experience less blood loss, lower infection risk, and faster recovery.
Common procedures include microdiscectomy, laminectomy, and minimally invasive fusion. Learn more at Atlantic Brain and Spine.
Motion-preserving techniques, such as cervical disc replacement, relieve nerve compression while maintaining movement at the treated level.
These options can lower stress on adjacent segments and reduce long-term fusion rates.
Candidacy depends on alignment, bone quality, and arthritis severity. Learn more at Atlantic Brain and Spine.
ACDF removes a damaged disc through a small incision in the neck, decompressing the nerve and fusing the segment with a spacer and plate for stability.
It’s typically used for herniated disc or spinal stenosis when symptoms persist after conservative care.
Most patients go home within 24 hours. Learn more at Atlantic Brain and Spine.
Typical symptoms include neck pain radiating to the arm, numbness or tingling in the hand, and weakness in specific muscle groups.
When the spinal cord is compressed, myelopathy signs—clumsiness, imbalance, or hand weakness—can appear.
Diagnosis relies on MRI correlated with a neurological exam. Learn more at Atlantic Brain and Spine.
No. Many patients recover with physical therapy, anti-inflammatory medications, or injections.
Surgery is reserved for ongoing pain, progressive weakness, or spinal cord compression.
We customize the approach—ACDF, posterior foraminotomy, or disc replacement—based on your goals. Learn more at Atlantic Brain and Spine.
A torn or bulging disc can press on the L5 or S1 nerve root, causing leg pain, numbness, or weakness down the leg.
Most cases improve with time, therapy, and injections, but persistent symptoms may require microdiscectomy.
We evaluate MRI findings and neurologic pattern to guide care. Learn more at Atlantic Brain and Spine.
Microdiscectomy is recommended for leg-dominant pain that persists after therapy, or when weakness progresses.
Emergency surgery is required for bowel or bladder dysfunction (cauda equina syndrome).
Our team matches MRI findings to symptoms to target the true pain source. Learn more at Atlantic Brain and Spine.
Spinal stenosis is narrowing of the canal that compresses nerves, causing leg pain, numbness, and cramping that improves when you lean forward.
Diagnosis includes MRI or CT myelogram to confirm compression and rule out other causes.
Treatment ranges from therapy and injections to minimally invasive decompression. Learn more at Atlantic Brain and Spine.
Both can compress spinal nerves, but the cause differs. A herniated disc occurs when the soft inner core pushes through its outer shell, while stenosis results from gradual narrowing due to arthritis or thickened ligaments.
Herniations often cause sudden leg pain; stenosis usually develops slowly with walking intolerance. MRI distinguishes the two. Learn more.
Spondylolisthesis occurs when one vertebra slips forward over another, often from degeneration, a fracture, or congenital weakness.
Symptoms include back pain, stiffness, and leg pain from nerve compression. Mild cases respond to therapy; severe ones may need fusion to stabilize the spine. Learn more.
Spondylolysis is a stress fracture in a vertebral arch, often affecting young athletes. Treatment begins with rest, bracing, and physical therapy.
Persistent pain or instability may be treated with minimally invasive pars repair using robotic navigation. Learn more.
Minimally invasive robotic pars repair fixes stress fractures in the spine of adolescent athletes while preserving mobility and avoiding fusion.
Patients often return home the same day and resume sports within months. Learn more.
Degenerative disc disease refers to natural age-related wear in spinal discs that may cause pain, stiffness, or nerve irritation.
Treatment includes exercise, anti-inflammatory therapy, and occasionally disc replacement or fusion for instability. Learn more.
Cervical myelopathy results from spinal cord compression in the neck, leading to hand weakness, clumsiness, and gait imbalance.
Surgery such as decompression and fusion or laminoplasty can halt progression and restore function. Learn more.
Spinal fusion permanently joins two or more vertebrae to stabilize the spine or correct deformity. Bone grafts and instrumentation promote fusion.
It’s commonly used for spondylolisthesis, fractures, or severe degeneration. Learn more.
Revision surgery addresses persistent pain, hardware failure, or nonunion after a previous operation.
Advanced imaging, navigation, and robotic planning improve accuracy in complex reoperations. Learn more.
Scoliosis is an abnormal sideways curvature of the spine that can cause back pain, fatigue, or imbalance. Adult treatment includes therapy, bracing, and surgery for severe deformities.
Minimally invasive and robotic options are available. Learn more.
Kyphosis is an exaggerated forward curvature of the spine that can occur from fractures, degeneration, or congenital deformity.
Treatment ranges from bracing and therapy to corrective spinal reconstruction. Learn more.
Brain tumor symptoms vary by location and growth rate. Common signs include headaches that worsen over time, new seizures, vision or speech changes, weakness or numbness on one side, and personality or memory changes.
Because these symptoms overlap with other conditions, evaluation starts with a neurological exam and MRI or CT imaging to define the size and location.
Early assessment helps guide next steps such as observation, biopsy, surgery, or radiosurgery. Learn more at Atlantic Brain and Spine.
Diagnosis combines a focused neurological exam with imaging—usually MRI—to map the tumor’s size, location, and relationship to critical structures.
Additional tests can include MR spectroscopy, functional MRI, or a surgical biopsy to determine the tumor type and grade.
Accurate diagnosis informs a personalized plan that balances tumor control with function. Learn more at Atlantic Brain and Spine.
Surgery is considered when removing part or all of the tumor can improve survival, relieve pressure, or obtain tissue for a definitive diagnosis.
We use neuronavigation, fluorescence, and neuro-monitoring to increase precision and protect critical brain pathways.
If surgery isn’t ideal initially, we discuss biopsy, radiosurgery, or close imaging follow-up. Learn more at Atlantic Brain and Spine.
SRS delivers high-dose, pinpoint radiation to a tumor in one or a few sessions, using imaging and immobilization to spare healthy brain.
There’s no incision, and most patients resume normal activity the same day.
Candidacy depends on tumor type, size, number, and location. Learn more at Atlantic Brain and Spine.
Unlike whole-brain radiation, SRS is highly focused, so hair loss is uncommon and, if present, localized and temporary.
Your plan limits dose to healthy tissue while ensuring the target receives the prescribed radiation.
Most side effects are mild and short-lived, such as fatigue or a brief headache. Learn more at Atlantic Brain and Spine.
GammaTile is a collagen tile embedded with radioactive seeds placed into the tumor cavity during surgery to deliver immediate, localized radiation.
By treating residual cells at the source, GammaTile can reduce the need for prolonged external radiation.
It is often considered for recurrent tumors or locations where highly localized therapy is advantageous. Learn more at Atlantic Brain and Spine.
Candidates typically include patients with recurrent or difficult-to-treat gliomas, meningiomas, or select metastases—especially after prior radiation.
Eligibility depends on tumor pathology, location, prior therapies, and surgical goals.
We explain benefits, risks, and how GammaTile fits into your overall plan. Learn more at Atlantic Brain and Spine.
GammaTile starts treatment immediately in the resection cavity, concentrating dose where recurrence risk is highest.
External beam radiation is delivered later over multiple sessions and passes through healthy tissue to reach the target.
We recommend the option that best matches your diagnosis and recovery goals. Learn more at Atlantic Brain and Spine.
Gliadel wafers are biodegradable implants placed during surgery that release chemotherapy directly into the resection bed.
Local delivery exposes residual tumor cells to high drug levels with lower systemic exposure.
They are considered for select high-grade or recurrent gliomas based on anatomy and prior therapy. Learn more at Atlantic Brain and Spine.
Potential risks include wound-healing issues, infection, seizures, or local swelling as the wafer dissolves.
We mitigate risks with meticulous technique, antibiotics when indicated, and close follow-up imaging.
You’ll receive clear incision-care instructions and guidance on when to call. Learn more at Atlantic Brain and Spine.
Ideal SRS candidates have small, well-defined brain lesions such as metastatic tumors, meningiomas, or arteriovenous malformations that can be accurately targeted without open surgery.
We confirm eligibility through MRI, CT, and sometimes angiography to ensure safety and precision. Patients with multiple or large tumors may require staged or alternative therapy.
Our team tailors the plan based on tumor type, size, and prior treatment. Learn more at Atlantic Brain and Spine.
Yes. GammaTile is often used when a tumor returns after prior surgery or radiation. It provides localized radiation directly to the surgical cavity while sparing surrounding brain tissue.
Because it delivers therapy immediately, it’s especially valuable for patients who’ve already received their maximum external-beam dose.
Your neurosurgeon and radiation oncologist collaborate to determine whether GammaTile fits your recurrence plan. Learn more at Atlantic Brain and Spine.
Follow-up visits occur within 7–14 days to inspect the incision, remove sutures if needed, and assess for redness, drainage, or swelling.
MRI follow-up ensures healing at the surgical site and confirms no early recurrence.
You’ll receive detailed wound-care instructions and direct contact numbers for any concerns. Learn more at Atlantic Brain and Spine.
No. Many meningiomas grow slowly and can be observed with periodic MRI when small and asymptomatic.
Surgery or radiosurgery is advised only for growth, symptoms, or compression of critical structures.
Your plan balances tumor behavior, size, and risk with your goals. Learn more at Atlantic Brain and Spine.
Most small, stable meningiomas are scanned every 6–12 months at first, then annually if no growth is seen.
Intervals may shorten for atypical features or new symptoms.
We personalize surveillance to minimize risk while avoiding unnecessary imaging. Learn more at Atlantic Brain and Spine.
GBM treatment usually combines maximal safe surgical removal with radiation and temozolomide chemotherapy.
Additional options—tumor-treating fields or clinical trials—may extend control for select patients.
Multidisciplinary planning aligns therapies with your goals and quality of life. Learn more at Atlantic Brain and Spine.
Short-term effects can include mild fatigue, scalp irritation, or temporary hair loss near the treated area.
Long-term risks are uncommon and depend on total dose and area treated.
Your radiation oncologist reviews strategies to protect healthy brain tissue. Learn more at Atlantic Brain and Spine.
Pituitary adenomas are usually benign tumors that arise from hormone-producing cells at the base of the brain.
They may cause hormonal imbalance, headaches, or vision changes from pressure on the optic nerves.
Treatment includes medication, endoscopic surgery, or radiosurgery based on size and type. Learn more at Atlantic Brain and Spine.
EES accesses the tumor through the nostrils using an endoscope, avoiding external incisions and improving visualization.
Most patients stay one night and resume light activity within a week.
We provide detailed nasal-care and follow-up instructions. Learn more at Atlantic Brain and Spine.
Rehabilitation focuses on regaining balance, strength, and cognitive skills affected by tumor or treatment.
Programs include physical, occupational, and speech therapy customized to your goals.
Early therapy promotes confidence and long-term recovery. Learn more at Atlantic Brain and Spine.
